As a neuropsychiatrist, she treats a wide range of conditions such as anxiety disorders, depression, bipolar disorder, sleep disturbances, stress-related conditions, as well as neurocognitive disorders like dementia, Alzheimer’s disease, and Parkinson's-related behavioral issues. She is also known for her expertise in psychosomatic disorders, personality disorders, and emotional health management in chronic neurological conditions.

Dr. Islam is actively involved in public awareness, mental health advocacy, and education. She has served as a resource person in central government programs like NIPCCDE and IBBM, participated in state-level psychiatric meets, and contributed to several media discussions on psychological wellness.